Har'a lintho tsohle, kamehla ho na le "nako ea bohlokoa" eo u lokelang ho e hopola. Selemo sa khale se felile, 'me ho bohlokoa hore mecha ea litaba ea indasteri e hlahlobe le ho lekola linako tsena. E beha maemo bakeng sa selemo mme e tlaleha nts'etsopele ea hajoale ea indasteri ea tlhahiso ea China.
Theknoloji e susumetsang nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ntse e hola
2023 ke selemo sa ho phahama ka potlako ha AI. Boteng ba AI bo phahame ka mokhoa o makatsang. Lentsoe la selemo la Bukana ea Collins ke AI. Ha ho motho ea ka thibelang ho fihla ha mehla ea bohlale ba maiketsetso. Kahoo, selemong se fetileng, ke liketsahalo life tse kholo tse etsahetseng lefapheng la theknoloji e phahameng tse ammeng tsoelo-pele eamotlakase oa motlakaseindasteri?
01 ChatGPT
Qetellong ea 2022, ChatGPT e hlahile. Ka 2023, ChatGPT e tla be e fetile makhetlo a 'maloa, e potlakisa haholo nts'etsopele ea batho lefapheng la bohlale ba maiketsetso.
Ha ho bapisoa le mofuta oa ts'ebeletso ea tsebo ea enjine ea ho batla mantsoe a ka sehloohong a ho khutlisa nakong ea Marang-rang, ChatGPT e fetohetse ho litaelo tsa puo ea tlhaho ho bitsa tsebo mehleng ea mefuta e meholo, 'me e tlohile ho tsoa ho graphical interface touch interaction ho ea puisanong ea puo ea tlhaho, ho beleha. ho fihlela nakong ya puisano ya puo ya tlhaho. Ho fihla ho boetse ho etsa hore tšebelisano ea batho le khomphutha e be ea tlhaho, e sebetsang hantle le e nang le botho.
Ha nako e ntse e ea, ChatGPT ha se feela katleho bakeng sa moloko o mocha oa liroboto tsa puisano le AI e hlahisang, empa hape e tla tlisa liphetoho tse ferekanyang phetohong ea bohlale ba dijithale le ntlafatso ea indasteri ea AI esita le liindasteri tse fapa-fapaneng, kahoo e tsosolosa paradigm ea indasteri. kaho ea mohlala oa tsebo le ho khothaletsa bohlale bo tebileng Indasteri ea lits'ebeletso e eketsehile ebile e shebane le mebaraka.
02 AI
Ha re hetla morao ka 2023, ho phahama ha lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa AI hoa hlolla. Ho tloha ho ngola le ho fetolela ho ea ho nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse ncha, li fetola lefatše ka lebelo le tšosang. 2023 ke phetoho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lefats'e ho tloha mehleng ea Marang-rang ho ea ho AI metaverse. AIGC e se e qalile ho phahama le ho tsebahala e le kannete, 'me AI e bontšitse bokhoni bo hlollang ba ho qapa le bokhoni lefapheng la saense le thekenoloji.
Mahlale a macha a emeloang ke AI a na le tšusumetso e kholo lits'ebetsong tsa tlhahiso, mehlala ea tlhahiso, lits'ebetso tsa phepelo le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa tlhahiso le ts'ebetso. Ntlha ea pele, bokhoni ba lisebelisoa tsa AI ho hlahloba lisampole ka mahlo bo ntse bo ntlafala ka potlako, 'me bo khona ho bona mefokolo ea microscopic lihlahisoa tse kang liboto tsa potoloho ka qeto e fetang sebaka sa pono ea motho; ea bobeli, ka ho fetola le ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho etsa tlhahiso, AI e na le phello e kholo ho tlhahiso. Mekhahlelo ea mechini e mengata e sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso e behiloe ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso; ea boraro ke ho ntlafatsa moralo le katleho ea tlhahiso tšebetsong ea tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse ncha.
03 semiconductor ea moloko oa boraro
Ka 2023, lisebelisoa tsa matla tsa gallium nitride li fumane tlhokomelo e phahameng ho feta pele, 'me butle-butle li fetoha naleli e khanyang ka ho fetisisa molokong oa boraro oa lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor.
Ho latela ponelopele ea Yole, boleng ba 'maraka oa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase oa GaN bo tla nyoloha ho tloha ho $126 milione ka 2021 ho isa ho US $2.04 billion ka 2028, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo se fihlang holimo ho 49%. E tla ratoa ke lits'ebetso tse joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, likoloi, likhokahano le litsi tsa data. Ho na le pluse. Ka nako e ts'oanang, palo e kholo ea bahlahisi le eona e leka ho fihlela katleho ea theknoloji le tlhahiso ho GaN ho nka menyetla ea 'maraka. Tlhōlisano e matla e khothalletsa ka potlako gallium nitride hore e be e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, ho ntlafatsa katleho le nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng ea botala.
Ha indasteri ea lefats'e ea semiconductor e kena ka nako e telele e theohelang tlaase, silicon carbide, thepa e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea moloko oa boraro oa semiconductor, ke sebaka se sa tloaelehang se khanyang.
Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse sa phethahalang, ho tloha halofo ea pele ea 2023, mefuta e 40 ea li-silicon carbide e kentse tlhahiso e ngata le ho fana ka thepa ho pota lefatše, 'me thekiso ea lefats'e ea silicon carbide halofo ea pele ea selemo e fetile limilione tse 1.2. Ho latela mofuta oa 2023 oa "Power Silicon Carbide Report" e lokollotsoeng ke Yole Intelligence, indasteri ea silicon carbide e fihletse kholo ea rekoto lilemong tsa morao tjena, mme ho lebelletsoe hore 'maraka oa lefats'e oa lisebelisoa tsa silicon carbide o tla hola ho fihla ho US $9 billion ka 2028.
Ntlafatso e potlakileng ea indasteri e ncha ea matla e tla khothaletsa ho ata ha tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor tsa moloko oa boraro, 'me indasteri e tla tlisa menyetla e metle ea nts'etsopele. Lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor tsa moloko oa boraro li sebelisoa haholo ho maqhubu a seea-le-moea le lisebelisoa tsa matla likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa lisebelisoa tse ncha tse kang lisebelisoa tsa 5G, likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase, liqubu tsa ho tjhaja, UHV le lipalangoang tsa terene, 'me indasteri e tobane le menyetla e meholo ea tsoelo-pele.
04 superconductor
Leha ho le joalo, takatso ea lisebelisoa tse ncha le eona e bakile maikutlo a makatsang sechabeng sa saense. Lehlabuleng la 2023, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa mahlale sa Korea Boroa se ile sa bolela hore se sibollotse kristale ea LK-99, sepakapaka se phahameng sa mocheso oa kamore se ka fihlelang boleng bo phahameng ka tlase ho likhato tse 127 tsa Celsius sebakeng se tloaelehileng sa sepakapaka. Empa haufinyane ho ile ha netefatsoa hore thepa e ne e se na litšoaneleho tsa ho hanyetsa zero, tse neng li le hole le litšoaneleho tse lebelletsoeng tsa "mocheso oa mocheso oa kamore".
Le hoja e le farce, bo-rasaense ha ba e-s'o khaotse ho hlahloba lisebelisoa tsa superconducting. Ka December 2023, lihlopha tsa lipatlisiso tsa saense tse kenyeletsang State Key Laboratory ea Luminescent Materials and Devices of South China University of Technology, Central South University, le University of Electronic Science and Technology ea Chaena li fumane bopaki bo hlakileng ba hore LK-99 e na le karolo ea superconducting.
Haufinyane tjena, liphuputso tse mabapi le li-superconductors tsa mocheso o phahameng Univesithing ea Harvard, United States, li entse tsoelo-pele ea bohlokoa. Bafuputsi ba thehile leano le lecha la ho theha le ho laola li-superconductors tse nang le mocheso o phahameng haholo, haholo li-superconductors tsa cuprate, tse fanang ka tataiso e ncha bakeng sa moralo oa lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa superconducting. Liphetho tse amehang tsa lipatlisiso li phatlalalitsoe koranteng ea Science.
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Ka makholo a lilemo, batho ba 'nile ba ameha haholo ka lipatlisiso le ho hlahloba thepa ea superconducting. "Lits'oants'o tse bonts'itsoeng lefats'eng la lipale tsa mahlale tse hlahang hape lefatšeng la batho" e kanna ea se be maikutlo a lerato nakong e tlang.
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Nako ea poso: Apr-11-2024